How does land surveying coords differ from lat and long?

A map is a representation of a curved surface as a flat one, and some distortion is always present. When choosing a coordinate system you always go with the one which will give you least distortion, therefore most mapmakers don't use straight latitude and longitude lines, instead they will use a reference system such as UTM lines, and if you are surveying you'd probably also be using GPS coordinates.

How does land surveying coords differ from lat and long?
Surveyor's usually log their work in distances and angles, instead of latitude and longitude. It involves backsighting, sighting and measuring from at least one known point but most often two. Once the angle is turned the length is measured from instrument to point. This generates an entry along the lines of N35º45’20”E with a distance measured in feet or meters.
Reply:vertical axis included